Starting internal-combustion engines



H. JUNKERS 1'647231 STARTING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Nov. 5, 1921 Patented Nov. 1, 1927.-

UNITED STATES PATENT caries.

S'IAIB'IIHG WAL-GOIBUBTIOH I Application med Inventor I, 1981, Serial In. 518,080, and in Germany 1;, "g,

My invention relates to internal combustion engines and more especiallyto the means for starting such engines by compressed air. It is an object of my invention to simpli 5 the starting operation in engines to who fuel is supplied by a pump 1n synchronism with the working of the engine. As a rule such engines are started by aid of starting valves provided in some or all of the working cylinders and separate valve gear' adapt ed to 'be thrown in and out for operatmg said valves. Such valve gears involve the drawback that their accommodation is connected with difiiculties and that the render the engine complicated. It has t erefore, been pro osed to accommodate the starting valves 0 several cylinders in separate casings whereby their operation is rendered somewhat simpler. However this arrangement still requires special valve gears and means for throwing the starting valvesin and out.

According to my invention, I 0 erate the starting va ves b means of the el pump gear. I thus 0 tain the advantage that special .gears for the startin valves are entirely dispensed with and t e engine is very much simplified. Further, the operation of the engine is greatlyfacilitated and errors renderedimpossible so that the engine does not require a thoroughly experienced attendant.

My invention can be applied with particular advantage to oil engmes operating with solid fuel injection, as in thls case under certain conditions, all valve gears can be dis ensed with, the only means for contro in the engine consisting of a single. contro ing1 lever, serving to start, control I 40 and sto t e engine and, if necessary, to fill the fue supply pipes.

In the drawings aflixed to this specification and forming part thereof, two embodiments of my invention are illustrated dia ammatically by way of example. In the win s v l igs. lvto 3 are sections of a fuel pump and starting device embodying my mvention, the parts being shown in fierent posttions,

Fig. 1 illustrating the normal working position, while Fig. 2 shows the position of the parts during starting and stationary projection 20.

F 3 the position when stopping or movl8 mi t 0 pump by hand. 1g. 4 is a section on line IV-IV in Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a similar view of a modification.

Referring now to Figs. 1 to 4 a cam 2 fixed on a shaft 1, .which may he the engine crank shaft, said crank through the medium of a lever 3, actuating the piston rod' 4, the outer end of which forms the piston 5. Liquid fuel is supplied to the cylinder 11 of the pump through a passage 10. From the cyhnder, the fuel flows through a pipe 12 to the injection nozzle of the working cylinder. In the casing 15' of the ump 11, the starting valve 17 is arranged in parallel to the pump, 16 being the seat and 18 the spindle of valve 17. Air under pressure is supplied to valve 17 at 13 and flows to the working cylinder through pipe 14.

In order to effect a connection between the starting valve spindle 18 and the drive of' piston 5, so as to start the engine, a doublearmed controlling lever 30 is arranged intermediate the spindles 18 and 4. Each arm of this lever embraces with its slotted, ends 22 and 23 the pump spindle 4: and starting spindle 18,- the end 22 extending intermediate projections 6 and 7 on spindle 1, end 23intermediate a projection 19 at the lower end of the starting valve spindle 18 and a Double-armed lever 21 is pivoted to a. rocking journal 25' of lever 30 which is linked to casing 15 by means of ivot 26. Journal 25 is arranged eccentrica y to pivot 26 and b rocking lever. 30 said journal can be carrie into diiferent positions.

The distance between the projections 6 and 7 on the piston rod 4. and 19 and 20 on the valve spindle 18 is so chosen, that in the middle position of journal 25 which corresponds to the position A of lever 30 (Fig. 1 t e starting-valve spindle 18 is not actuate the end 23 of lever 21 moving freely between the'stops 19 and 20.. This is the position during normal running. Q

In order to start the engine, lever 30 is moved into the starting position B (Fig. 2 pin 25 and lever 21 being moved to the le so that the end 22 of the lever engages projection 6 on the piston rod 4. As the pro ection 6 is stationary when the englne 18 not running, it forms a rigid abutment ion 45 opened ag movements of stop 6.

. '15 ping the engineby 45 adapted to run in contact with cam 2.

e5 'gaged by a pin 43 so placed to the end 22 oflever 21 so that the lever will turn about it and the other end 23 will move the valve spindle 18 by the projection 19 to the left, so that. the starting valve 17 is ainst the action of its spring 17 and starting air is supplied to the engine.

After the engine is started, the starting valve 17 is o ened and closed automatically by lever 21 eing com elled to follow the When the engine is running normally, the lever 30 is returned to position A. The controlling lever 30 and the doublearmed lever 21 may also be used for stoir. stopping the pump. 0. this end lever 30 1s placed in the position C (Fig. 3), the journal 25 being thereby moved to the right and the end- 23 of lever 21 en.- gaging the fixed stop 20, whereupon the 'lever 21 will turn about'this stop and engages projection 7 on the piston rod 4 of the pump. The spring 32 acting on the pump rod is thereby compressed and lever 3 is moved out of contact with cam 2, the pump 25 being brought to astandstill whereby the engine will be stopped also.

. On lever being returned to its initial position A, the spring 32 forces lever 3 back into contact with cam 2 whereby the pump 30 is again rendered operative. By repeatedly moving the lever 30 between positions A and C the pump piston can be made to reciprocate and the pump can be actuated by hand, in order to fill the fuel supply pipes .35 before starting the engine. Thus by actuating a single part, viz. lever 30, I am able to fill the fuel supply pipes before starting, to start the engine, to cause it to run normally after starting and to stop it.

so In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Fig. 5, the lever connecting the pump and the starting valve, is a singlearmed lever 40.

The piston rod 4 here carries a rollerr 33 e starting valve 17 opens to the inside. The spindle 18 of the starting valve is connected with the piston rod 4 by the single-armed lever 40 pivoted to the piston rod 4 at 42.

so The free end 41 of lever 40 is adapted to be displaced b means of a hand lever 30 and a rod 48. he lever 30 is fulcrumed at 49. To the starting valve spindle 18 there is secured a fork 44 provided with slots 45 enon lever 40. The slots 45 are of such-length that the pin 43 is free to move therein when the handle 30 is in the onding to normal run-- position A corres ning. In the positlon B, the lever 40 is disthe right so that pin 43 enages the right hand end of slots 45, therey opening valve 17 and startin the engine. On lever 30 being shifted into position C, the spindle 18 o the starting valve 66 is released and the valve closed by its spring, whereu on pin 43 engages the left hand end oft e slots 45 so that lever 40 turns about pin 43 and carries the roller 33 of the piston rod 4 out of contact with cam 2 thus stopping the pump.

I claim: v p

1. Starting gear for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel pump, a starting air valve and manually adjustable means for ,operatively connecting sa1d valve with said 1;

ump.

.2. Starting gear for internal combustion engmes comprising a fuel pump, means for transmitting power from said engine to said pump, a starting air valve and manually ad- :1-

justable, means for operatively connecting said valve with said power transmitting means.

3. Starting gear for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel ump, adapted to be actuated by sai -engine,a cam follower and a pull-back spring connected with said pump, a starting air valve-and manually adjustable, means foroperatively connecting said valve with said cam follower.

4. Starting gear for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel pump, means for transmitting power from said engine to said pump, a startin air valve, abutments forming part of sai power transmitting means and of said valve, a coupling means mounted v for rocking motion and for cooperation with said abutments and means for adjusting the pivotal point of said coupling means so that this latter can be shifted towards and away from said checks as required.

5. Starting gear for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel pump, means for transmitting power from said engine to sai pump, a startin air valve, abutments form mg part of sai power transmitting means and of said valve, acoupling means mounted for rocking motion and for cooperation with sa1d abutments, means for adjusting the piv otal point of said coupling means so thatthis latter can be shifted towardsand away from said abutments as required, a casing formmg part of said valve, and an abutment comie cted with said casing and adapted to form another pivot for said coupling means and to cooperate with said other abutment in severing the operative cgnnection between asald %ump and said engine.

6. tarting gear for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel pump, means for transmitting power from said engine to said pump, a starting air valve, abutments forming part of said power transmitting means and of sa1d valve, :1. coupling means mounted for rocking motion and for cooperation with sa d abutments, a fixed bearing, a pivot for sa1d .coupling means mounted for eccentric motlon relative to said bearin and means for swinging said pivot aroun the axis of sa1d bearmg so that the coupling means can a camibe shifted towards and away from said abutments as required.

7. Starting ear for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel pump, means for transmitting power from said engine to said pump, a starting air valve, abutments forming part of said power transmitting means and of said valve, a coupling means mounted for rocking motion and for cooperation with said abutments, a fixed bearing, a pivot for said coupling means mounted for eccentric motion relative to said bearing andoa hand lever for swinging said pivot around the axis .of said bearing so that the coupling means can be shifted towards and away from said abutments as required.

8. Starting ear for internal combustion engines comprising a fuel pump, means for transmitting power from said engine to said pumpila starting air valve means for operatbearing, a pivot for said coupling means mounted for eccentric motion relative to said bearing and means for swinging said pivot around the axis of said bearing so that the coupling means can be shifted towards and away from said abutments as required.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

HUGO J UNKIERS.

0 pump piston, a utments forming J part of said power transmitting means and 

